Lock.



B. KOTKOVSKY.

LOCK.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 26, 1911.

1,071 ,323, Patented Aug. 26, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

7 BY Wwm ATTORNEYS COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH cmnmsums-rom n, c

D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN KOTKOVSKY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO JOSEPH DUBI, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

LOCK.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN Ko'rKovsKY, asubject of the Czar of Russia, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Lock, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to locks of the tumbler variety, and an object of my invention is to provide a lock in which a misfit key will revolve freely within the key casing.

A further object of my invention is to provide a lock in which it is impossible to pick the look.

I attain the above outlined objects by forming the tumblers in U shape, placing notches in one of the legs of the U, and pivoting the several tumblers on a pin passing through the opposite leg of the U. These tumblers are disposed on opposite sides of the key spindle and are so arranged that the teeth on the key will move the several tumblers different distances away from the spindle in order to aline the notches. A springpressed pawl carried by the bolt-throwing mechanism drops into the alined notches, thereby permitting the unlocking of the boltthrowing mechanism, so that the bolt may be thrown by the further rotation of the .key spindle.

With the above and other objects in view, as will more fully hereinafter appear the present invention consists in certain novel details of construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, and in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of my lock with the casing removed to show the internal mechanism, the bolt being in retracted position; Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing the bolt in thrown position; Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 8-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a view similar to Figs. 1 and 2, but with the tumblers removed in order to show the boltthrowing mechanism in retracted position; Fig. 5 isa view similar to Fig. 4:, but showing the bolt and its mechanism in thrown Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 26, 1911.

Patented Aug. 6, 1913. Serial No. 640,580.

position; Fig. 6 is a f 'agmentary view showing a locking pawl engaging the tranblers; and Figs. 7 and 8 are plan views of two forms of keys each one adapted under certain arrangements of the pawl to actuate the lock.

As shown in the several figures, there is a rear face plate 9 carrying the bolt and boltthrowingmechanism. Positioned upon said rear face plate are the tumblers, all of which mechanism is inclosed within a hollow casing 10. The rear face plate 9 comprises three superposed plates, an outer plate 11, an inner plate 12, and an intermediate plate 13 in the form of a frame. Within the frame and disposed between the plates 11 and 12, is a bolt 14 having a. relatively thick portion 15 adapted to project through the aperture 16 in a sill plate 17, which plate projects at right angles to and integral with the outer plate 11. The portion of the belt 1 1 in rear of the thickened portion 15, is of reduced thickness and is cut out in a semi circular depression 18, to form projecting horns 19, which horns are guided by the inner edges 20 of the intermediate plate 13. One of the horns has a substantially U- shaped recess 21 extending outwardly from the depression 18 and disposed adjacent the 4 inner edge 22 of the horn.

Centrally disposed within the recess 18 when in retracted position, as shown in Figs. 1 and at, and rigidly fastened to and project ing at right angles from the outer plate 11,

is a pin 23 forming a pivot for a circular disk 24-. loosely mounted on said pivot. Projecting from the periphery of said disk is a head 25 adapted to engage the bolt by projecting into the recess 21 when said disk is revolved. Rotatably mounted upon the pin 23 is a key spindle, the inner end of said spindle having a disk 27 rigidly mounted thereon, which disk revolves around said pin adjacent the face of the disk 24:. The rear periphery of the disk 24 has a notch 29 in which notch is adapted to be forced the nose 30 of a bell crank lever 31, pivoted at 32 to the outer plate 11, which bell crank lever is held with the nose normally out of engagement with the notch 29 by means of a leaf spring 33, one end of which is fastened to the plate 13 and the free end of which bears upon the upper edge of the bell crank lever 31. The lower edge 3% of the bell crank lever is a quadrant of a circle and is concentrically disposed with and offset from the periphery of the disk 24. Pivoted to one face of the disk 24 is a lever 35 having a projection 36 normally engaging the arched edge 34 of the bell crank lever 31. Diametrically disposed and opposite the projection 36 is a nose 37 extending into a recess 38 in the disk 27, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, or riding on the periphery of the disk 27 as shown in Figs. 2 and 5. It will be seen that by this construction the rotation of the spindle 26 in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4, carries with it the disk 2'7 which in turn engages the bolt, so that the bolt may be projected outwardly by the engagement of the head 25 within the recess 21. This same movement will carry the arojection 36 on the lever 35 about the inner edge of the bell crank lever 31. The further rotation of the spindle 26 after the bolt has been fully projected will cause the nose 37 to ride up the incline 39 outlining one side of the recess 38, turning the lever 35 on its pivotal point 40, forcing the bell crank lever 31 upward, rotating the same on its pivotal point 32, to force the nose 30 into engagement with the notch 29 against the action of the spring 33 where said nose 30 will be heldby the abutting of the fingers 58 on the disalined peripheries of the tumblers 42, as

n more fully described below, thereby locking the bolt in its extended position but permitting the key spindle to freely revolve, as shown in Fig. 5. At the same time, the nose 3O presses on the end 337 of the lever 35, preventing the nose 37 from falling into the recess 38, whereby the spindle may rotate freely.

The portion of the spindle 26 adjacent the disk 24 is formed into a reduced smoothfaced barrel 41, disposed about which barrel are a series of broad U-shaped tumblers 42, one short leg of each of the several tumblers being mounted on a pin 43. This pin 43 is rigidly mounted upon the inner plate 12, projects at right angles to the same, and is on the side of the spindle 26 opposite the bell crank lever 31, each succeeding tumbler facing in the opposite direction from the preceding tumbler and encircling the barrel on the opposite side from the pre ceding tumbler. These tumblers are smooth where they bear on the spindle, so that they are not directly influenced by the rotation of said spindle. The tumblers 42 are maintained in engagement with the barrel 41 by means of U springs 44, which springs are coiled about a pin 45 disposed below the pin 43 and parallel therewith, the legs 46 of which springs engage projecting lugs 47 extending from the short arm of the tumblers 42 adjacent to and on the side of the pin 43 opposite the barrel 41. These springs maintain the tumblers in resilient collapsed condition as shown in Fig. 2.- The leg of the tumbler 42 opposite the pivoted leg is formed into a segmental plate 461 having a pair of notches 48 formed in its upper edge. These notches are differently placed in the several plates, so that in order to bring the several notches into transverse alinement, P

it is necessary to move the tumblers different distances away from the spindle 26. The spindle has a pair of diametrically disposed grooves 49 extending longitudinally on opposite sides thereof, one side of the spindle havin a pair of flat faces 50 leading to the grooves 49. A key similar to that shown in Figs. 7 and 8 may be inserted, so as to straddle the spindle 26, said key having parallel spacedapart fingers 51 adapted to fit within the grooves 49 and having upturned ridges 52 adapted to fit against the fiat faces 50 of the spindle, in order to form a firm turning connection between the key and the spindle. Extending outwardly from the fingers 51 are series of teeth 53, said teeth being of difl'erent len ths and adapted to engage the tumblers, one tooth to each tumbler. These teeth are arranged to engage the inner smooth edge or crotch 54 of the tumblers, in order to force them apart, to bring a set of notches 48 into transverse alinement.

Rigidly mounted upon the upper end of the bell crank lever 31 is a boss 55, to which is pivoted a pawl 56 by means of a screw 57. The lower end of the pawl 56 has depending therefrom a pair of oppositely-disposed. fingers 58, one of which fingers may be adapted to engage with the alined sets of notches 48 when they are in alinement. One of the fingers 58 may be lowered relative to the other depending on the set of deprecsions 48 which it is desired to use, by a pin 59 mounted eccentrically on a stud 60, which stud has a screw slot- 61 facing an opening 62 in the plates 11 and 13, so that by inserting a screw-driver into this opening 62, the stud 60 may be rotated a distance sutficient to permit either one of the fingers 58 to engage the alined notches It will be understood that unless these notches are in alinement, the lower of the fingers 58 will ride over the bank of segmental plates 461, being pressed thereon by means of the spring 33. As soon as the notches 48 have been brought into alinement, due to the key pressing the tumblers into position to aline the notches, the finger 58 will be pressed 'into the alined notches, thereby permitting the rotation of the bell crank lever 31 and disengaging the nose 30 from the notch. This will unlock the disk 24, permitting the key to rotate the disk and permitting the actuation of the bolt, due to the upper end of the lever 31 moving the nose 37 into the recess 38.

It is to be understood that with the pawl in the position shown in the several figures, the teeth on one of the keys, say the key shown in Fig. 7, will move the several tumblers 42 into such position that the notches shown in the left-hand side 01 the several figures, will be brought into alinement to permit the engagement with the left-hand finger 58, as shown in Fig. i. When the pawl is rocked on the pivot 57 by means of the pin 59, the key shown in Fig. 7 will not aline the notches 48 shown at the righthand side of the several figures, but another key, as for instance, the key shown in Fig. 8, is provided with teeth adapted to aline the right-hand notches. In other words, it is to be understood that with a simple adjustment of the lock, two different keys may be used to actuate the same lock, but neither key will actuate the lock unless the latter is set for that particular key.

Further, it will be seen that due to the factthat a smooth portion of the rotating spindle is in engagement with the smooth portion of the tumblers, it is not possible to feel the tumblers with a lock pick in order to throw the same, nor is it possible to work a wire through the notches in the tumblers until. they are alined, as it is impossible to obtain access to the tumblers from the keyhole.

iVhile a preferred embodiment of the invention has been described, it is to be understood that many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely difl'erent embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof.

It is intended that all matters contained herein in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings, shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. It is also to be understood that the language used in the following claims is intended to cover the full scope of the invention and is not to be given any narrower construction than the prior art demands, and that materials, sizes and relativities of parts are non-essential, except as called for in the claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a look, a key spindle having a smooth barrel portion thereon, a series of pivoted U-shaped tumblers, the tumblers being disposed alternately on opposite sides of the spindle, and means pressing said tumblers into engagement with the barrel, said tumblers each having a pair of unlockingnotches in one arm of the U and at points remote from the spindle, whereby the insertion of the wrong key on the spindle will permit the free rotation of the spindle without alining either set of notches.

2. In combination, a bolt, a disk, a head carried by said disk adapted to engage said bolt to throw the same, a bell crank lever, one arm of which is adapted to engage said disk to lock the same in position, and a lever carried by said disk adapted to engage said bell crank lever, to cause the latter to lock said disk when the disk has reached a predetermined point in throwing the bolt.

3. I11 combination, a belt, a disk, a head carried by said disk adapted to engage said bolt to throw the same, a bell crank lever, one arm of which is adapted to engage said disk to lock the same in position, a lever carried by said disk adapted to engage said bell crank lever, to cause said bell crank lever to lock said disk when the latter has reached a predetermined point in throwing the bolt, and means acting on said bell crank lever to maintain the same out of engagement with the disk.

t. In a lock, in combination, a bolt, a key spindle, means carried by said spindle for throwing said bolt, a locking member actuated by said last1nentioned means, and tumblers controlling the actuation of said looking member in one position of said bolt.

5. In a lock, in combination, a key spindle, a notched disk mounted on said spindle, a le ver having a nose adapted to engage said disk, and means normally maintaining said nose out of engagement with said disk, to allow the spindle to rotate freely.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

BENJAMIN KOTKOVSKY. l/Vitnesses:

JosnrI-r DUBI, W. S. ORTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

